Ferguson, which held that separate but equal facilities did not violate the U.S. ![]() In 1896 the Supreme Court sanctioned legal separation of the races by its ruling in H.A. Regarded by many as second-class citizens, blacks were separated from whites by law and by private action in transportation, public accommodations, recreational facilities, prisons, armed forces, and schools in both Northern and Southern states. In spite of these amendments and civil rights acts to enforce the amendments, between 18 the Supreme Court handed down a series of decisions that virtually nullified the work of Congress during Reconstruction. Īfter the abolition of slavery in the United States, three Constitutional amendments were passed to grant newly freed African Americans legal status: the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery, the Fourteenth provided citizenship, and the Fifteenth guaranteed the right to vote. Visual Material from the NAACP Records, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress (20A).
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